Luther's friend who wrote the Confessions of Augsburg and became an important figure in education for girls in the Protestant German states.

• A. Philip Melanchthon
• B. John Milton
• C. Ignatius of Loyola
• D. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Answer: (A)

Philip Melanchthon, Luther’s close ally, authored the Confessio Augustana (the Augsburg Confession) as a central expression of Lutheran belief. Beyond theology, he became a leading figure in education within the Protestant German states, championing widespread literacy so people could read the Bible and participate in church life. He pushed for structured schooling and, in various regions, supported efforts to educate girls as part of broader educational reform. This combination—writing a foundational Lutheran confession and advancing formal education for both genders—marks him as the figure described. The other names belong to different contexts: Milton is an English writer from a later period, Loyola founded the Jesuit order within Catholic reform, and Rousseau, though a major education thinker, is not tied to the Augsburg Confession or early Protestant educational reforms.